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The task is to understand that history can be treated and understood in two different ways; one can be described as the idealist perception of history, the other as the materialist perception, which states that history develops through contradictions.
Time:
hours
Introduction:
Historical materialism is an approach to the study of history developed by Karl Marx in the 1800s. His main point is that material contradictions are driving forces in history. In the society of his days there were rulers - and powerful - and people - often poor, hard working and oppressed. These two classes as he calls them do not share a common interest. They have contradictory interests. The rich is interested in staying in power and privilege, the poor interested in a better life free from suppressive rulers. The contradiction between rich and poor remains to this day. If anything the rich is richer than ever while the poor remains poor. Marx believed that only by facing the economic and material reality and analyzing the development and the events created by contradictions could historians understand history and maybe even become part of history by enlightening others. Marx looks at history as presented by those in power and their friends among the learned elite. In their presentation of history there are no contradictions between the rich and poor. The king's is benevolent. The rich a supporter of the poor. The poor deserves poverty because of his family origin, his lack of intelligence or laziness. This type of historian takes a great interest in national feelings, religious beliefs and the lives of big men. Here they will seek explanation to historic events. Karl Marx calls this view on history idealist because events are explained as a result of ideas and not as a result of material economic factors. Marx close friend was Friedrich Engels. They wrote several of their books together. In his essay from 1880 on “Socialism – Utopian and Scientific”, Engels gives a relatively short description of historical materialism In the text you will get all this explained in further detail.
Directive:
<br /> 1. Read the texts.<br /> <br /> 2. Think about an event or series of events in the history of your country.<br /> <br /> 3. Write down two explanations of what happened:<br /> <br /> a) from an idealistic history view point<br /> b) from a materialist point of view<br /> <br /> 4. Present your two explanations for two fellow students and get their feedback.<br /> <br /> 5. Revise your examples if needed and send it to your teacher.
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Search words:
Marx, Karl Marx, materialism, history, understand
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