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Philosophy of Education
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Period 1 - Another Kind of School, Another Kind of Teacher
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Period 9 - Humana People to People & Solidary Humanism
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The task is to learn about the historic development of classes and the contradictions between classes in different societies from the slave society to the capitalist society.
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hours
Introduction:
<p>A human being cannot produce everything that it needs alone and to progress humans have learnt to divide the work. In the beginning humans lived in groups and shared food, tools, shelter and clothes. The survival of the group was of common interest to all as this also meant a better chance of survival for the individual. In the gatherer and hunter society there were no masters and no slaves. This changed when agriculture was developed and the tools produced became more advanced. The productive forces developed to a level where more than what was needed for survival could be produced. This paved the way for the first societies where people became divided in classes. One tribe could wage war against another tribe and take prisoners. The prisoners became slaves and had to work for the winning tribe. The biggest slave owners eventually claimed ownership over the land and they became the ruling class. The ruling class in a society is always the class that has the decisive decision-making right over the production as production is the basis of wealth in any society. They own the most important means of production and can ensure their own wealth. Through history the ruling classes have been small minorities that have exploited the vast majority. To be able to control the masses of slaves, poor farmers or workers the ruling classes have employed civil servants, police and eventually a military to defend their interests. In a class society the property rights are always based on the use of force.</p> <p>Today the gap between poor and rich are still tremendous big. Some people work physically hard more than 10-14 hours a day and yet have less than a dollar a day to live of while a few have become billionaires. For example in the world’s second most populated country India with 1,3 billion people the wealth of 56 individual rich people is equivalent to 30 % of India’s GDP (Gross national product).</p>
Directive:
<br /> 1. Read the text<br /> 2. What are the main classes with opposite interests in slave societies and in capitalism and what are the contradictions between them?<br /> 3. Look at your country and its main classes. Consider what the contradictions between different classes are and write down your thoughts.<br /> 4. Send to you teacher.
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Search words:
history front;social classes;marx;historical materialism;poor;rich;capitalism;development;society;
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