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12 month program - B certificate in Pedagogy
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24 Months – Fighting with the Poor
12 months program, B certificate in Pedagogy 2023
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Philosophy of Education
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Period 1 - Another Kind of School, Another Kind of Teacher
Period 2 - The Teacher & School in the 21st Century I
Period 4 - Farming for Food
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Period 9 - Humana People to People & Solidary Humanism
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The task is to understand some basic facts about the economy of Mozambique since independence and what this has meant to the economy of the poor.
Time:
hours
Introduction:
<p>Be ready for a very rich chapter 2 of the book “Do Bicycles Equal development in Mozambique?” by Hanlon and Smart. It provides a solid overview and rich in essential information about Mozambique in the 4 decades after independence.</p> <p> </p> <p>First of all it states that Mozambique has been heavily influenced by outside forces outside its own sphere of influence. This influence has been very hard and destructive. If one compares the year 1981, the situation a few years after independence when an economically positive development had taken hold, and compare with the year 2005, one finds that Mozambique’s population is worse off in 2005 than in 1981.</p> <p> </p> <p>The chapter explains why. Firstly Mozambique was drawn into a so-called Cold War. Mozambique was seen under Samora Machel’s leadership to have sided with communism, seen from South Africa at the time and by USA and NATO. At the time pressure was on to stop the Apartheid regime, the United Nations had imposed mandatory sanctions against South Africa, which Mozambique had to be part of, and South Africa responded, backed by USA from the moment Ronald Reagan entered office, and started to attack Mozambique. That led to war from 1981-92. This was a very destructive war. 60% of all primary schools were destroyed. Health posts were destroyed. Roads were systematically destroyed. This war was a civil war, but also a proxy war with South Africa pulling the strings and providing the finances. When peace was organized in October 1992 both parties wanted the peace, wanted reconciliation and wanted no retribution and no vengeance, and the government wisely made it possible for the 90.000 soldiers to go home and establish a new life by providing them with 2 years salaries and free transport to anywhere in Mozambique.</p> <p>But Mozambique had lost 1 million people and had 5 million displaced people, and suffered material destruction for 20 billion $. That was all a heavy blow for a newly independent country.</p> <p>Then structural adjustment programs imposed on the government by IMF and the World Bank made matters worse from 1987, when the civil war was still ongoing, to 1996, when protests were raised loud enough against these policies.</p> <p>So first after 1996 has Mozambique been able to breathe a bit more freely and initiate its policies of development. The upward movement of the economy is visible from 2003.</p>
Directive:
1. Read the text.<br /> 2. Find a fellow student who also reads the chapter (you could also be 3 or 4). Each of you makes a list of five main points in title and wording that you find important to discuss so as to get a good understanding of this text.<br /> 3. Hold a meeting and discuss the points on both of your lists. Make a short conclusion for each point and write it down. The meeting can be face to face or held via Skype if necessary. Your discussion can also include debate about how to understand the graphs and tables in the chapter. (If it is impossible to find another student doing this task you may instead consider each of the points yourself and write a conclusion on your own).<br /> 4. Send your points with title, wordings and conclusions to your teacher.<br />
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Search words:
hanlon;bicycles;development;economy;mozambique;rich;poor;south africa;usa;united states;imf;world bank;debt trap;reagan;liberalism;neo liberalism;capitalism;poverty;communism;cold war;
Status:
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