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Introduction:

In this task we will deal with the basic facts of a well-known country in 
Africa because of its history of genocide: Rwanda. This country had a series 
of events, where one million people were killed and five million became 
refugees. In this task we will portray the geographical situation, the political 
situation, the economy, culture, and language. 
 
In1897 Germany was given an area that currently covers Rwanda and 
Burundi. The last was called Urundi at that time. During World War I, in 
1916, Belgium occupied the area of Ruanda-Urundi. Germany lost its 
African colonies after the war and Rwanda-Urundi became a territory 
administered by the Belgians in 1919. 
 
In 1961it became independent, the Rwandans decided by vote that the 
country should become a Republic. Rwanda-Urundi broke into two 
independent countries, Rwanda and Burundi. A year after the independence 
the Rwandan the tutsi minority was persecuted by the hutus and they took 
refuge in the present Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Uganda and 
Tanzania. 
 
Rwanda is located in East-Central Africa, to the North by Uganda, to the 
South and East by Tanzania, and to the West by the Democratic Republic of 
Congo. The border with the Democratic Republic of Congo is delimited in 
large part by Lake Kivu, which forms part of the Great Rift Valley. It has 
two rainy seasons from February to April and from October to January. It 
has an area of 26,338 km&sup2; and a population of 11,370,420 (2011), of whom 
85 percent are hutu, 14 percent tutsi and 1% tv&aacute;s (1996). 
 
Rwanda has one of the largest population densities on the continent. The 
Rwandans live on agriculture, developed on small farms, which produce 
bananas, potatoes, cassava, beans, coffee and tea. They have coffee and tea 
as products to export. Farming accounts for 47% of GDP and industry for 
21%. Their official languages are French, English and Kinyarwanda, 44% 
are Catholics, 9% Islamic and 47% practice traditional beliefs (2011). 
 
According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the 
literacy rate is 70.4%, (last updated on 2011) out of whom 76.3% are men 
and 64.7% are women. As you can note, although this country has endured 
many conflicts, it has a literacy rate above 50%, which is already something 
appreciable. The population below the poverty line is 60%. Another 
important fact to mention that serves as a reference to Africa is that in 2008 
Rwanda became the first country to elect a national legislature in which the 
majority of members were women. 
 
Rwanda, as a country which has experienced several conflicts, faced several 
difficulties out of which the struggle for water was a reality that devastated 
populations. Children, women and men of all ages vied for this precious 
liquid, filling their containers in streams after several kilometers walking. 
The national health system of the country presents problems, since the 
country was in successive wars. There are trends of a national response to 
key issues and challenges, an effort to develop evidence-based health policy, 
through comprehensive and rigorous analysis of the situation of health and 
health systems in the country. 
 
With all the atrocities that Rwanda endured, many infrastructures destroyed 
which left the population without access to some basic services, many 
Rwandan refugee populations in other countries being homeless, and many 
children without access to school, all these facts together, life for the 
population became vulnerable. 
 
With this introduction we provided some basic information about Rwanda, 
and you might go deeper by using the files.

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